How to grow... Broccoli & Calabrese
Rocket Growing Guides
Broccoli and calabrese, like the other Brassicas are really nutritious vegetables and they are nice and easy to grow in the garden. Calabrese and broccoli are from the same family and often get mixed up. Calabrese is what most of us think of when we picture a broccoli – the big, green headed veg that we were often so wary of as children, and broccoli refers to varieties like Purple Sprouting Broccoli.
- Growing Tips
- Common Problems
- Chef's Corner
A sunny spot with fertile soil
Broccoli and calabrese plants all need a sunny site with deep, firm, moisture retentive soil.
Raised beds & traditional veg plots are best
Broccoli and calabrese will prefer to be grown in raised beds or a well dug veg patch.
How far apart
30-40cm is about right
Protect with a brassica collar
You can make these easily out of cardboard. Cut a 10cm diameter disc, cut into the centre and make a slit so that you can pop it around the base of the plant. This is to prevent cabbage root fly larvae from hatching by the base of the plant and burying under the soil to eat the roots.
Net against pigeons & butterflies
Pigeons love brassica plants and will easily destroy a crop of young plants in a morning. Meanwhile, cabbage white butterflies are attracted to brassicas and lay eggs on the leaves. When the eggs hatch, the caterpillars are quick to nibble away the leaves and strip the plant bare. To protect against both these pests, cover plants with fine mesh netting or horticultural fleece.
Earth up as plants get taller
When plants start to grow a little taller, it is worth earthing them up at the base to keep them stable, particularly as we come into autumn with windier weather. Simply bring a little soil up around the base of the plant, like a molehill, and pat down firmly. You could stake them if they are in a particularly windy spot.
Keep well watered during dry spells
Try not to let the soil dry out, instead keeping the plants well watered so that the soil is consistently moist but not waterlogged.
When to harvest
You will see the first broccoli spear/head forming at the top of the plant. Harvest it before the florets start to open by cutting off with a knife. Afterwards, you’ll see new spears appearing on side shoots, harvest these as they reach the right size and whilst the florets are still closed.
Pigeons
Pigeons will eat the foliage right down to the ribs/veins. Keep plants netted if you have a lot of pigeons around.
Caterpillars
Lots of holes appearing in leaves is a sure sign of caterpillars. They soon grow, and the holes grow too. Check the underside of leaves and you may see tiny eggs – wipe them off with kitchen paper – or caterpillars themselves. Keep plants netted against butterflies.
Slugs & Snails
Protect plants well from slugs, especially when they are young and vulnerable. Beer traps work well and you may need to to do a dusk patrol with a head torch and bucket to remove slugs if they get really bad!
Cabbage Root Fly
Cabbage flies lay eggs at the base of brassica plants. When the eggs hatch, the larvae bury into the ground and feed on the roots. The plants eventually wilt and die. Prevention is key – use brassica collars (see growing advice section)
Club Root
This is a fungal disease that leads to the swelling and distortion of roots, and plants will be stunted. Avoid growing brassicas in the same bed for two years consecutively if this happens. Add plenty of organic matter to the soil.
Storage Tips
Harvest them as you want to eat them – they will store in the fridge for a few days, but are much better cooked fresh.
Ways to cook
Broccoli and calabrese are delicious simply steamed and served with a little butter or olive oil. They are also great for stir frying with a pinch of freshly chopped chilli and ginger.